WhenToBird

Chlidonias niger · Laridae

When Do Black Terns Arrive in Minnesota?

Adult Black Tern
Photo: rober025, CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist

Black Terns arrive in Minnesota in the second week of May, peak in late May (2.8% of checklists), and most are gone by mid August.

When to look

First arrivalsMay 8-14the second week of May
Common byMay 8-14the second week of May
PeakMay 22-31late May
Most gone byAug 15-21mid August

Best: late May. First arrivals the second week of May; most are gone by mid August. Peak: on about 2.8% of Minnesota checklists.

  1. Jannot usually seen
  2. Febnot usually seen
  3. Marnot usually seen
  4. Aprrare
  5. Maypeak season
  6. Junpeak season
  7. Julpeak season
  8. Augpeak season
  9. Seprare
  10. Octnot usually seen
  11. Novnot usually seen
  12. Decnot usually seen

Darker months: more checklists report it. Outlined: peak month.

0%1%2%3%Jan 1-7: 0% of 20628 checklistsJan 8-14: 0% of 14594 checklistsJan 15-21: 0% of 14238 checklistsJan 22-31: 0% of 20725 checklistsFeb 1-7: 0% of 14484 checklistsFeb 8-14: 0% of 15988 checklistsFeb 15-21: 0% of 20718 checklistsFeb 22-28: 0% of 15754 checklistsMar 1-7: 0% of 16125 checklistsMar 8-14: 0% of 19035 checklistsMar 15-21: 0% of 19586 checklistsMar 22-31: 0% of 30192 checklistsApr 1-7: 0% of 24262 checklistsApr 8-14: 0% of 30223 checklistsApr 15-21: 0% of 29085 checklistsApr 22-30: 0.1% of 43574 checklistsMay 1-7: 0.3% of 39300 checklistsMay 8-14: 1.4% of 45927 checklistsMay 15-21: 2.9% of 36632 checklistsMay 22-31: 2.8% of 43809 checklistsJun 1-7: 2.8% of 23418 checklistsJun 8-14: 2.4% of 20450 checklistsJun 15-21: 2.1% of 19470 checklistsJun 22-30: 2.3% of 23418 checklistsJul 1-7: 2.3% of 19104 checklistsJul 8-14: 2.4% of 16927 checklistsJul 15-21: 2.6% of 15635 checklistsJul 22-31: 2.4% of 22073 checklistsAug 1-7: 2.3% of 16255 checklistsAug 8-14: 2.1% of 16840 checklistsAug 15-21: 1.2% of 17475 checklistsAug 22-31: 0.6% of 26545 checklistsSep 1-7: 0.4% of 20750 checklistsSep 8-14: 0.1% of 18494 checklistsSep 15-21: 0.1% of 18215 checklistsSep 22-30: 0% of 24463 checklistsOct 1-7: 0% of 18252 checklistsOct 8-14: 0% of 19527 checklistsOct 15-21: 0% of 17098 checklistsOct 22-31: 0% of 24570 checklistsNov 1-7: 0% of 16744 checklistsNov 8-14: 0% of 13483 checklistsNov 15-21: 0% of 12525 checklistsNov 22-30: 0% of 17023 checklistsDec 1-7: 0% of 11645 checklistsDec 8-14: 0% of 11567 checklistsDec 15-21: 0% of 13343 checklistsDec 22-31: 0% of 19759 checklistsJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Share of complete checklists reporting it, by week (4 per month). Grey bars: fewer than 10 checklists, not counted.

Frequency is the share of complete checklists in Minnesota that listed the bird, 2016–2025. It is not a head count, and it follows where and when people go birding. How to read it.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
today
Second week of November

Each county is shaded by the share of complete checklists there that listed the bird, blended with the weeks either side. Darker is more often. It follows where people watch birds, not how many birds there are. How to read it.

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Where in Minnesota

Best counties

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Grant CountyBest the second week of June · 70 checklists that week, 2,168 in all44%
  2. Lyon CountyBest mid July · 63 checklists that week, 4,283 in all41%
  3. Marshall CountyBest the second week of June · 117 checklists that week, 3,843 in all39%
  4. Sibley CountyBest the second week of July · 53 checklists that week, 1,844 in all31%
  5. Isanti CountyBest late July · 87 checklists that week, 2,785 in all29%
  6. Lac qui Parle CountyBest the second week of July · 52 checklists that week, 3,681 in all28%

Best spots

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Hamden Slough National Wildlife RefugeBecker County, best early July · 23 checklists that week, 278 in all80%
  2. Paul Hugo Farms State Wildlife Management AreaWashington County, best early June · 123 checklists that week, 386 in all74%
  3. Sherburne National Wildlife RefugeSherburne County, best late July · 26 checklists that week, 612 in all72%

Busy spots report more of everything; compare the checklist counts before you drive anywhere.

Best time of day

In Minnesota, the Black Tern is most often listed on checklists started between 6 and 8 pm (1.2% of those checklists).

0%0.5%1%1.5%12 am: too few checklists (349) to judge1 am: too few checklists (331) to judge2 am: too few checklists (286) to judge3 am: too few checklists (364) to judge4 am: too few checklists (863) to judge5 am: too few checklists (7598) to judge6 am: 1.2% of 35775 checklists7 am: 0.7% of 90565 checklists8 am: 0.6% of 110612 checklists9 am: 0.7% of 106128 checklists10 am: 0.7% of 96131 checklists11 am: 0.8% of 83750 checklists12 pm: 0.8% of 76254 checklists1 pm: 0.8% of 73480 checklists2 pm: 0.8% of 73703 checklists3 pm: 0.7% of 75249 checklists4 pm: 0.8% of 68810 checklists5 pm: 0.9% of 51899 checklists6 pm: 1.1% of 38524 checklists7 pm: 1.4% of 25120 checklists8 pm: too few checklists (10568) to judge9 pm: too few checklists (2420) to judge10 pm: too few checklists (748) to judge11 pm: too few checklists (420) to judge12a3a6a9a12p3p6p9p
Share of checklists started in each local hour that reported it. It reflects when people go birding as well as when birds are active. Grey hours have too few checklists (under 2% of the state’s, or under 200) to judge.
Week-by-week table
MonthDays 1-78-1415-2122-end
January0%0%0%0%
February0%0%0%0%
March0%0%0%0%
April0%0%0%0.1%
May0.3%1.4%2.9%2.8%
June2.8%2.4%2.1%2.3%
July2.3%2.4%2.6%2.4%
August2.3%2.1%1.2%0.6%
September0.4%0.1%0.1%0%
October0%0%0%0%
November0%0%0%0%
December0%0%0%0%

Neighboring states

  • Iowa: arrives early May, 1 week earlier than Minnesota
  • Wisconsin: arrives the second week of May, in the same week than Minnesota
  • South Dakota: arrives early May, 1 week earlier than Minnesota
  • North Dakota: arrives early May, 1 week earlier than Minnesota

Common questions

When do Black Terns arrive in Minnesota?
Black Terns arrive in Minnesota in the second week of May, peak in late May (2.8% of checklists), and most are gone by mid August.
When do Black Terns leave Minnesota?
Most Black Terns have left Minnesota by mid August, when reports fall below half their usual rate.
When is the best time to see a Black Tern in Minnesota?
The Black Tern is reported most often in late May, on about 2.8% of Minnesota checklists.
Where in Minnesota are Black Terns seen most often?
By county, Grant County, Lyon County, and Marshall County have the highest peak reporting rates for the Black Tern (counties with at least 200 checklists).