WhenToBird

Petrochelidon pyrrhonota · Hirundinidae

When Do Cliff Swallows Arrive in Montana?

Adult Cliff Swallow
Photo: Dean Hester, CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist

Cliff Swallows reach Montana in late April, are common by the second week of May, peak in the second week of July (13% of checklists), and most are gone by the second week of August.

When to look

First arrivalsApr 22-30late April
Common byMay 8-14the second week of May
PeakJul 8-14the second week of July
Most gone byAug 8-14the second week of August

Best: the second week of July. First arrivals late April; most are gone by the second week of August. Peak: on about 13% of Montana checklists.

  1. Jannot usually seen
  2. Febnot usually seen
  3. Marnot usually seen
  4. Aprrare
  5. Maypeak season
  6. Junpeak season
  7. Julpeak season
  8. Augcommon
  9. Seprare
  10. Octnot usually seen
  11. Novnot usually seen
  12. Decnot usually seen

Darker months: more checklists report it. Outlined: peak month.

0%5%10%15%Jan 1-7: 0% of 7987 checklistsJan 8-14: 0% of 5561 checklistsJan 15-21: 0% of 5613 checklistsJan 22-31: 0% of 7881 checklistsFeb 1-7: 0% of 5018 checklistsFeb 8-14: 0% of 5598 checklistsFeb 15-21: 0% of 7247 checklistsFeb 22-28: 0% of 5531 checklistsMar 1-7: 0% of 6110 checklistsMar 8-14: 0% of 6623 checklistsMar 15-21: 0% of 7687 checklistsMar 22-31: 0.1% of 11095 checklistsApr 1-7: 0.1% of 7774 checklistsApr 8-14: 0.2% of 8785 checklistsApr 15-21: 0.6% of 9684 checklistsApr 22-30: 1.5% of 13805 checklistsMay 1-7: 3.4% of 11847 checklistsMay 8-14: 7.4% of 13547 checklistsMay 15-21: 9.8% of 13019 checklistsMay 22-31: 12% of 20456 checklistsJun 1-7: 12% of 12993 checklistsJun 8-14: 13% of 11594 checklistsJun 15-21: 14% of 11159 checklistsJun 22-30: 13% of 13786 checklistsJul 1-7: 13% of 9584 checklistsJul 8-14: 14% of 9078 checklistsJul 15-21: 14% of 7905 checklistsJul 22-31: 11% of 10906 checklistsAug 1-7: 9.3% of 7335 checklistsAug 8-14: 7.7% of 6868 checklistsAug 15-21: 5.3% of 6866 checklistsAug 22-31: 2.9% of 10076 checklistsSep 1-7: 0.9% of 7670 checklistsSep 8-14: 0.5% of 7490 checklistsSep 15-21: 0.1% of 6804 checklistsSep 22-30: 0.1% of 8016 checklistsOct 1-7: 0% of 5996 checklistsOct 8-14: 0% of 6156 checklistsOct 15-21: 0% of 5742 checklistsOct 22-31: 0% of 7790 checklistsNov 1-7: 0% of 5353 checklistsNov 8-14: 0% of 5475 checklistsNov 15-21: 0% of 4603 checklistsNov 22-30: 0% of 6067 checklistsDec 1-7: 0% of 4362 checklistsDec 8-14: 0% of 4467 checklistsDec 15-21: 0% of 5328 checklistsDec 22-31: 0% of 6672 checklistsJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Share of complete checklists reporting it, by week (4 per month). Grey bars: fewer than 10 checklists, not counted.

Frequency is the share of complete checklists in Montana that listed the bird, 2016–2025. It is not a head count, and it follows where and when people go birding. How to read it.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
today
Second week of November

Each county is shaded by the share of complete checklists there that listed the bird, blended with the weeks either side. Darker is more often. It follows where people watch birds, not how many birds there are. How to read it.

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Where in Montana

Best counties

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Prairie CountyBest early July · 14 checklists that week, 268 in all67%
  2. Treasure CountyBest mid July · 14 checklists that week, 265 in all51%
  3. Wibaux CountyBest late May · 56 checklists that week, 435 in all42%
  4. Musselshell CountyBest the second week of July · 39 checklists that week, 961 in all41%
  5. Petroleum CountyBest early July · 14 checklists that week, 427 in all37%
  6. Rosebud CountyBest early July · 39 checklists that week, 795 in all36%

Best spots

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Starter Pond (Black Coulee)Phillips County, best late May · 31 checklists that week, 141 in all77%
  2. Swiftcurrent FallsGlacier County, best the second week of July · 23 checklists that week, 177 in all74%
  3. Missouri Headwaters State ParkGallatin County, best the second week of July · 21 checklists that week, 682 in all73%
  4. Swiftcurrent LakeGlacier County, best the second week of July · 21 checklists that week, 224 in all72%
  5. Missouri Headwaters State Park (Spring Creek)Gallatin County, best late June · 21 checklists that week, 287 in all69%
  6. American Prairie FoundationPhillips County, best the second week of June · 20 checklists that week, 287 in all68%

Busy spots report more of everything; compare the checklist counts before you drive anywhere.

Best time of day

In Montana, the Cliff Swallow is most often listed on checklists started between 6 and 8 pm (7.4% of those checklists).

0%2%4%6%8%12 am: too few checklists (183) to judge1 am: too few checklists (169) to judge2 am: too few checklists (163) to judge3 am: too few checklists (212) to judge4 am: too few checklists (503) to judge5 am: too few checklists (4022) to judge6 am: 8.0% of 12719 checklists7 am: 5.5% of 31202 checklists8 am: 4.3% of 47646 checklists9 am: 4.5% of 44624 checklists10 am: 4.3% of 40704 checklists11 am: 4.3% of 33825 checklists12 pm: 3.8% of 29407 checklists1 pm: 3.9% of 27959 checklists2 pm: 3.9% of 26928 checklists3 pm: 3.6% of 25313 checklists4 pm: 3.9% of 22151 checklists5 pm: 4.9% of 16884 checklists6 pm: 7.2% of 13780 checklists7 pm: 7.7% of 9926 checklists8 pm: too few checklists (5765) to judge9 pm: too few checklists (2099) to judge10 pm: too few checklists (595) to judge11 pm: too few checklists (230) to judge12a3a6a9a12p3p6p9p
Share of checklists started in each local hour that reported it. It reflects when people go birding as well as when birds are active. Grey hours have too few checklists (under 2% of the state’s, or under 200) to judge.
Week-by-week table
MonthDays 1-78-1415-2122-end
January0%0%0%0%
February0%0%0%0%
March0%0%0%0.1%
April0.1%0.2%0.6%1.5%
May3.4%7.4%9.8%12%
June12%13%14%13%
July13%14%14%11%
August9.3%7.7%5.3%2.9%
September0.9%0.5%0.1%0.1%
October0%0%0%0%
November0%0%0%0%
December0%0%0%0%

Neighboring states

  • Idaho: arrives early April, 3 weeks earlier than Montana
  • Wyoming: arrives late April, in the same week than Montana
  • Utah: arrives early April, 3 weeks earlier than Montana
  • Washington: arrives early April, 3 weeks earlier than Montana

Common questions

When do Cliff Swallows arrive in Montana?
Cliff Swallows reach Montana in late April, are common by the second week of May, peak in the second week of July (13% of checklists), and most are gone by the second week of August.
When do Cliff Swallows leave Montana?
Most Cliff Swallows have left Montana by the second week of August, when reports fall below half their usual rate. Stragglers are still reported until early September.
When is the best time to see a Cliff Swallow in Montana?
The Cliff Swallow is reported most often in the second week of July, on about 13% of Montana checklists.
Where in Montana are Cliff Swallows seen most often?
By county, Prairie County, Treasure County, and Wibaux County have the highest peak reporting rates for the Cliff Swallow (counties with at least 200 checklists).