WhenToBird

Sterna hirundo · Laridae

When Do Common Terns Arrive in Massachusetts?

Adult Common Tern
Photo: Сергей Неклюдов, CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist

Common Terns reach Massachusetts in early May, are common by mid May, peak in early August (14% of checklists), and most are gone by mid September.

When to look

First arrivalsMay 1-7early May
Common byMay 15-21mid May
PeakAug 1-7early August
Most gone bySep 15-21mid September

Best: early August. First arrivals early May; most are gone by mid September. Peak: on about 14% of Massachusetts checklists.

  1. Jannot usually seen
  2. Febnot usually seen
  3. Marnot usually seen
  4. Aprrare
  5. Mayuncommon
  6. Juncommon
  7. Julpeak season
  8. Augpeak season
  9. Sepcommon
  10. Octrare
  11. Novrare
  12. Decnot usually seen

Darker months: more checklists report it. Outlined: peak month.

0%5%10%15%Jan 1-7: 0% of 43252 checklistsJan 8-14: 0% of 30096 checklistsJan 15-21: 0% of 28760 checklistsJan 22-31: 0% of 38135 checklistsFeb 1-7: 0% of 26442 checklistsFeb 8-14: 0% of 29034 checklistsFeb 15-21: 0% of 37383 checklistsFeb 22-28: 0% of 29977 checklistsMar 1-7: 0% of 29175 checklistsMar 8-14: 0% of 32399 checklistsMar 15-21: 0% of 34444 checklistsMar 22-31: 0% of 49126 checklistsApr 1-7: 0% of 36456 checklistsApr 8-14: 0.1% of 40908 checklistsApr 15-21: 0.1% of 42078 checklistsApr 22-30: 0.3% of 56465 checklistsMay 1-7: 1.6% of 56994 checklistsMay 8-14: 3.2% of 64079 checklistsMay 15-21: 4.5% of 52020 checklistsMay 22-31: 5.6% of 55402 checklistsJun 1-7: 5.4% of 30682 checklistsJun 8-14: 5.6% of 27557 checklistsJun 15-21: 6.5% of 26163 checklistsJun 22-30: 8.6% of 29576 checklistsJul 1-7: 10% of 23931 checklistsJul 8-14: 11% of 22389 checklistsJul 15-21: 13% of 22365 checklistsJul 22-31: 14% of 32631 checklistsAug 1-7: 14% of 25133 checklistsAug 8-14: 14% of 24610 checklistsAug 15-21: 13% of 25350 checklistsAug 22-31: 9.6% of 37198 checklistsSep 1-7: 7.8% of 27402 checklistsSep 8-14: 5.8% of 27700 checklistsSep 15-21: 4.6% of 28398 checklistsSep 22-30: 2.9% of 34646 checklistsOct 1-7: 2.0% of 28620 checklistsOct 8-14: 1.3% of 30144 checklistsOct 15-21: 0.9% of 28893 checklistsOct 22-31: 1.0% of 38869 checklistsNov 1-7: 0.8% of 29782 checklistsNov 8-14: 0.6% of 27582 checklistsNov 15-21: 0.2% of 26642 checklistsNov 22-30: 0.2% of 34390 checklistsDec 1-7: 0.1% of 25164 checklistsDec 8-14: 0.1% of 24892 checklistsDec 15-21: 0.1% of 29022 checklistsDec 22-31: 0.1% of 44323 checklistsJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Share of complete checklists reporting it, by week (4 per month). Grey bars: fewer than 10 checklists, not counted.

Frequency is the share of complete checklists in Massachusetts that listed the bird, 2016–2025. It is not a head count, and it follows where and when people go birding. How to read it.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
today
Second week of November

Each county is shaded by the share of complete checklists there that listed the bird, blended with the weeks either side. Darker is more often. It follows where people watch birds, not how many birds there are. How to read it.

Embed this map on your site

Where in Massachusetts

Best counties

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Dukes CountyBest the second week of August · 517 checklists that week, 23,670 in all50%
  2. Nantucket CountyBest the second week of August · 476 checklists that week, 23,895 in all41%
  3. Barnstable CountyBest early August · 4569 checklists that week, 215,188 in all39%
  4. Bristol CountyBest early August · 975 checklists that week, 65,262 in all24%
  5. Plymouth CountyBest the second week of August · 1294 checklists that week, 89,282 in all20%
  6. Essex CountyBest late July · 3304 checklists that week, 213,973 in all19%

Best spots

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Race RunBarnstable County, best mid August · 61 checklists that week, 2,504 in all98%
  2. Cape Cod National SeashoreBarnstable County, best early August · 84 checklists that week, 3,402 in all97%
  3. Hatches HarborBarnstable County, best the second week of August · 21 checklists that week, 487 in all96%
  4. Beach PointPlymouth County, best early August · 22 checklists that week, 1,022 in all96%
  5. Springhill BrookBarnstable County, best late July · 21 checklists that week, 212 in all96%
  6. Monomoy National Wildlife RefugeBarnstable County, best late July · 20 checklists that week, 127 in all96%

Busy spots report more of everything; compare the checklist counts before you drive anywhere.

Best time of day

In Massachusetts, the Common Tern is most often listed on checklists started between 5 and 7 pm (4.1% of those checklists).

0%2%4%6%12 am: too few checklists (630) to judge1 am: too few checklists (657) to judge2 am: too few checklists (645) to judge3 am: too few checklists (850) to judge4 am: too few checklists (3787) to judge5 am: too few checklists (29743) to judge6 am: 4.8% of 108601 checklists7 am: 3.1% of 186104 checklists8 am: 3.1% of 185905 checklists9 am: 2.9% of 166049 checklists10 am: 2.8% of 150508 checklists11 am: 2.7% of 131024 checklists12 pm: 2.5% of 116804 checklists1 pm: 2.4% of 112055 checklists2 pm: 2.5% of 110246 checklists3 pm: 2.4% of 104376 checklists4 pm: 3.0% of 83736 checklists5 pm: 3.8% of 63723 checklists6 pm: 4.5% of 41435 checklists7 pm: too few checklists (21041) to judge8 pm: too few checklists (5240) to judge9 pm: too few checklists (1722) to judge10 pm: too few checklists (1094) to judge11 pm: too few checklists (704) to judge12a3a6a9a12p3p6p9p
Share of checklists started in each local hour that reported it. It reflects when people go birding as well as when birds are active. Grey hours have too few checklists (under 2% of the state’s, or under 200) to judge.
Week-by-week table
MonthDays 1-78-1415-2122-end
January0%0%0%0%
February0%0%0%0%
March0%0%0%0%
April0%0.1%0.1%0.3%
May1.6%3.2%4.5%5.6%
June5.4%5.6%6.5%8.6%
July10%11%13%14%
August14%14%13%9.6%
September7.8%5.8%4.6%2.9%
October2.0%1.3%0.9%1.0%
November0.8%0.6%0.2%0.2%
December0.1%0.1%0.1%0.1%

Neighboring states

  • Rhode Island: arrives the second week of May, 1 week later than Massachusetts
  • New Hampshire: arrives the second week of May, 1 week later than Massachusetts
  • Connecticut: arrives early May, in the same week than Massachusetts
  • Vermont: arrives early May, in the same week than Massachusetts

Common questions

When do Common Terns arrive in Massachusetts?
Common Terns reach Massachusetts in early May, are common by mid May, peak in early August (14% of checklists), and most are gone by mid September.
When do Common Terns leave Massachusetts?
Most Common Terns have left Massachusetts by mid September, when reports fall below half their usual rate. Stragglers are still reported until mid October.
When is the best time to see a Common Tern in Massachusetts?
The Common Tern is reported most often in early August, on about 14% of Massachusetts checklists.
Where in Massachusetts are Common Terns seen most often?
By county, Dukes County, Nantucket County, and Barnstable County have the highest peak reporting rates for the Common Tern (counties with at least 200 checklists).