WhenToBird

Sterna forsteri · Laridae

When Do Forster's Terns Arrive in Massachusetts?

Adult Forster's Tern
Photo: Aitor, CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist

Forster's Terns arrive in Massachusetts in mid July, peak in late August (2.5% of checklists), and most are gone by late October.

When to look

First arrivalsJul 15-21mid July
Common byJul 15-21mid July
PeakAug 22-31late August
Most gone byOct 22-31late October

Best: late August. First arrivals mid July; most are gone by late October. Peak: on about 2.5% of Massachusetts checklists.

  1. Jannot usually seen
  2. Febnot usually seen
  3. Marnot usually seen
  4. Aprnot usually seen
  5. Maynot usually seen
  6. Junnot usually seen
  7. Juluncommon
  8. Augpeak season
  9. Seppeak season
  10. Octcommon
  11. Novuncommon
  12. Decnot usually seen

Darker months: more checklists report it. Outlined: peak month.

0%1%2%3%Jan 1-7: 0% of 43252 checklistsJan 8-14: 0% of 30096 checklistsJan 15-21: 0% of 28760 checklistsJan 22-31: 0% of 38135 checklistsFeb 1-7: 0% of 26442 checklistsFeb 8-14: 0% of 29034 checklistsFeb 15-21: 0% of 37383 checklistsFeb 22-28: 0% of 29977 checklistsMar 1-7: 0% of 29175 checklistsMar 8-14: 0% of 32399 checklistsMar 15-21: 0% of 34444 checklistsMar 22-31: 0% of 49126 checklistsApr 1-7: 0% of 36456 checklistsApr 8-14: 0% of 40908 checklistsApr 15-21: 0% of 42078 checklistsApr 22-30: 0.1% of 56465 checklistsMay 1-7: 0.1% of 56994 checklistsMay 8-14: 0% of 64079 checklistsMay 15-21: 0% of 52020 checklistsMay 22-31: 0% of 55402 checklistsJun 1-7: 0.1% of 30682 checklistsJun 8-14: 0.1% of 27557 checklistsJun 15-21: 0.1% of 26163 checklistsJun 22-30: 0.1% of 29576 checklistsJul 1-7: 0.1% of 23931 checklistsJul 8-14: 0.5% of 22389 checklistsJul 15-21: 0.7% of 22365 checklistsJul 22-31: 0.9% of 32631 checklistsAug 1-7: 1.3% of 25133 checklistsAug 8-14: 2.2% of 24610 checklistsAug 15-21: 2.6% of 25350 checklistsAug 22-31: 2.5% of 37198 checklistsSep 1-7: 2.5% of 27402 checklistsSep 8-14: 2.3% of 27700 checklistsSep 15-21: 2.2% of 28398 checklistsSep 22-30: 1.8% of 34646 checklistsOct 1-7: 1.3% of 28620 checklistsOct 8-14: 1.2% of 30144 checklistsOct 15-21: 0.9% of 28893 checklistsOct 22-31: 0.9% of 38869 checklistsNov 1-7: 0.6% of 29782 checklistsNov 8-14: 0.5% of 27582 checklistsNov 15-21: 0.1% of 26642 checklistsNov 22-30: 0.1% of 34390 checklistsDec 1-7: 0.1% of 25164 checklistsDec 8-14: 0% of 24892 checklistsDec 15-21: 0% of 29022 checklistsDec 22-31: 0.1% of 44323 checklistsJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Share of complete checklists reporting it, by week (4 per month). Grey bars: fewer than 10 checklists, not counted.

Frequency is the share of complete checklists in Massachusetts that listed the bird, 2016–2025. It is not a head count, and it follows where and when people go birding. How to read it.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
today
Second week of November

Each county is shaded by the share of complete checklists there that listed the bird, blended with the weeks either side. Darker is more often. It follows where people watch birds, not how many birds there are. How to read it.

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Where in Massachusetts

Best counties

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Barnstable CountyBest early September · 4569 checklists that week, 215,188 in all12%
  2. Nantucket CountyBest mid August · 471 checklists that week, 23,895 in all6.3%
  3. Dukes CountyBest late August · 833 checklists that week, 23,670 in all4.4%
  4. Bristol CountyBest mid August · 908 checklists that week, 65,262 in all4.1%
  5. Plymouth CountyBest the second week of September · 1304 checklists that week, 89,282 in all2.9%
  6. Essex CountyBest late August · 4347 checklists that week, 213,973 in all0.8%

Best spots

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Fox Island Wildlife Management AreaBarnstable County, best mid September · 20 checklists that week, 158 in all75%
  2. Chapin Memorial BeachBarnstable County, best the second week of August · 41 checklists that week, 850 in all66%
  3. First Encounter BeachBarnstable County, best mid September · 71 checklists that week, 1,846 in all62%
  4. Nauset Bay MarshesBarnstable County, best early September · 24 checklists that week, 297 in all58%
  5. Hallets MillpondBarnstable County, best the second week of August · 24 checklists that week, 1,054 in all54%
  6. Well. Bay Wildlife SanctuaryBarnstable County, best the second week of September · 20 checklists that week, 312 in all51%

Busy spots report more of everything; compare the checklist counts before you drive anywhere.

Best time of day

In Massachusetts, the Forster's Tern is most often listed on checklists started between 6 and 8 am (0.5% of those checklists).

0%0.5%1%12 am: too few checklists (630) to judge1 am: too few checklists (657) to judge2 am: too few checklists (645) to judge3 am: too few checklists (850) to judge4 am: too few checklists (3787) to judge5 am: too few checklists (29743) to judge6 am: 0.7% of 108601 checklists7 am: 0.4% of 186104 checklists8 am: 0.5% of 185905 checklists9 am: 0.5% of 166049 checklists10 am: 0.4% of 150508 checklists11 am: 0.4% of 131024 checklists12 pm: 0.4% of 116804 checklists1 pm: 0.4% of 112055 checklists2 pm: 0.4% of 110246 checklists3 pm: 0.4% of 104376 checklists4 pm: 0.4% of 83736 checklists5 pm: 0.4% of 63723 checklists6 pm: 0.3% of 41435 checklists7 pm: too few checklists (21041) to judge8 pm: too few checklists (5240) to judge9 pm: too few checklists (1722) to judge10 pm: too few checklists (1094) to judge11 pm: too few checklists (704) to judge12a3a6a9a12p3p6p9p
Share of checklists started in each local hour that reported it. It reflects when people go birding as well as when birds are active. Grey hours have too few checklists (under 2% of the state’s, or under 200) to judge.
Week-by-week table
MonthDays 1-78-1415-2122-end
January0%0%0%0%
February0%0%0%0%
March0%0%0%0%
April0%0%0%0.1%
May0.1%0%0%0%
June0.1%0.1%0.1%0.1%
July0.1%0.5%0.7%0.9%
August1.3%2.2%2.6%2.5%
September2.5%2.3%2.2%1.8%
October1.3%1.2%0.9%0.9%
November0.6%0.5%0.1%0.1%
December0.1%0%0%0.1%

Neighboring states

  • Rhode Island: arrives early July, 2 weeks earlier than Massachusetts
  • Connecticut: arrives mid July, in the same week than Massachusetts
  • New York: arrives mid April, 12 weeks earlier than Massachusetts
  • New Jersey: arrives late March, 15 weeks earlier than Massachusetts

Common questions

When do Forster's Terns arrive in Massachusetts?
Forster's Terns arrive in Massachusetts in mid July, peak in late August (2.5% of checklists), and most are gone by late October.
When do Forster's Terns leave Massachusetts?
Most Forster's Terns have left Massachusetts by late October, when reports fall below half their usual rate.
When is the best time to see a Forster's Tern in Massachusetts?
The Forster's Tern is reported most often in late August, on about 2.5% of Massachusetts checklists.
Where in Massachusetts are Forster's Terns seen most often?
By county, Barnstable County, Nantucket County, and Dukes County have the highest peak reporting rates for the Forster's Tern (counties with at least 200 checklists).