WhenToBird

Sternula antillarum · Laridae

When Do Least Terns Arrive in Maryland?

Adult Least Tern
Photo: datadan, CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist

Least Terns reach Maryland in late April, are common by early May, peak in the second week of July (3.2% of checklists), and most are gone by the second week of August.

When to look

First arrivalsApr 22-30late April
Common byMay 1-7early May
PeakJul 8-14the second week of July
Most gone byAug 8-14the second week of August

Best: the second week of July. First arrivals late April; most are gone by the second week of August. Peak: on about 3.2% of Maryland checklists.

  1. Jannot usually seen
  2. Febnot usually seen
  3. Marnot usually seen
  4. Apruncommon
  5. Maycommon
  6. Junpeak season
  7. Julpeak season
  8. Augpeak season
  9. Seprare
  10. Octnot usually seen
  11. Novnot usually seen
  12. Decnot usually seen

Darker months: more checklists report it. Outlined: peak month.

0%1%2%3%4%Jan 1-7: 0% of 28716 checklistsJan 8-14: 0% of 21449 checklistsJan 15-21: 0% of 21267 checklistsJan 22-31: 0% of 29144 checklistsFeb 1-7: 0% of 21347 checklistsFeb 8-14: 0% of 22166 checklistsFeb 15-21: 0% of 29986 checklistsFeb 22-28: 0% of 22427 checklistsMar 1-7: 0% of 21389 checklistsMar 8-14: 0% of 22192 checklistsMar 15-21: 0% of 22823 checklistsMar 22-31: 0% of 33720 checklistsApr 1-7: 0% of 25513 checklistsApr 8-14: 0.1% of 27718 checklistsApr 15-21: 0.4% of 29328 checklistsApr 22-30: 1.1% of 42595 checklistsMay 1-7: 1.6% of 38532 checklistsMay 8-14: 2.0% of 42722 checklistsMay 15-21: 2.4% of 31936 checklistsMay 22-31: 2.5% of 36903 checklistsJun 1-7: 2.3% of 23191 checklistsJun 8-14: 2.1% of 21853 checklistsJun 15-21: 2.6% of 21000 checklistsJun 22-30: 2.8% of 25133 checklistsJul 1-7: 2.9% of 18715 checklistsJul 8-14: 3.2% of 16376 checklistsJul 15-21: 3.5% of 15793 checklistsJul 22-31: 2.8% of 21969 checklistsAug 1-7: 2.5% of 16013 checklistsAug 8-14: 2.0% of 15249 checklistsAug 15-21: 1.3% of 15674 checklistsAug 22-31: 0.5% of 24925 checklistsSep 1-7: 0.1% of 19808 checklistsSep 8-14: 0.1% of 18513 checklistsSep 15-21: 0% of 21901 checklistsSep 22-30: 0% of 22901 checklistsOct 1-7: 0% of 19111 checklistsOct 8-14: 0% of 18482 checklistsOct 15-21: 0% of 17380 checklistsOct 22-31: 0% of 23992 checklistsNov 1-7: 0% of 17915 checklistsNov 8-14: 0% of 18905 checklistsNov 15-21: 0% of 16259 checklistsNov 22-30: 0% of 22852 checklistsDec 1-7: 0% of 16108 checklistsDec 8-14: 0% of 16512 checklistsDec 15-21: 0% of 18952 checklistsDec 22-31: 0% of 29728 checklistsJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Share of complete checklists reporting it, by week (4 per month). Grey bars: fewer than 10 checklists, not counted.

Frequency is the share of complete checklists in Maryland that listed the bird, 2016–2025. It is not a head count, and it follows where and when people go birding. How to read it.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
today
Second week of November

Each county is shaded by the share of complete checklists there that listed the bird, blended with the weeks either side. Darker is more often. It follows where people watch birds, not how many birds there are. How to read it.

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Where in Maryland

Best counties

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Worcester CountyBest mid July · 654 checklists that week, 44,596 in all22%
  2. Queen Anne's CountyBest late July · 562 checklists that week, 26,875 in all14%
  3. Kent CountyBest mid July · 208 checklists that week, 13,396 in all13%
  4. Talbot CountyBest mid July · 482 checklists that week, 31,140 in all13%
  5. Dorchester CountyBest mid July · 289 checklists that week, 26,161 in all12%
  6. Calvert CountyBest the second week of July · 705 checklists that week, 43,807 in all7.5%

Best spots

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Sinepuxent Bay WmaWorcester County, best mid June · 22 checklists that week, 995 in all90%
  2. Ocean City InletWorcester County, best early June · 37 checklists that week, 5,187 in all75%
  3. Southwest Area ParkBaltimore County, best mid June · 21 checklists that week, 1,230 in all71%

Busy spots report more of everything; compare the checklist counts before you drive anywhere.

Best time of day

In Maryland, the Least Tern is most often listed on checklists started between 6 and 8 am (1.0% of those checklists).

0%0.5%1%1.5%12 am: too few checklists (486) to judge1 am: too few checklists (451) to judge2 am: too few checklists (447) to judge3 am: too few checklists (766) to judge4 am: too few checklists (2076) to judge5 am: too few checklists (11098) to judge6 am: 1.4% of 56604 checklists7 am: 0.8% of 139255 checklists8 am: 0.8% of 148626 checklists9 am: 0.9% of 126820 checklists10 am: 0.8% of 106973 checklists11 am: 0.8% of 87483 checklists12 pm: 0.8% of 74808 checklists1 pm: 0.7% of 69428 checklists2 pm: 0.7% of 67800 checklists3 pm: 0.7% of 67688 checklists4 pm: 0.7% of 60927 checklists5 pm: 0.9% of 43876 checklists6 pm: 1.0% of 32930 checklists7 pm: too few checklists (19051) to judge8 pm: too few checklists (5708) to judge9 pm: too few checklists (1977) to judge10 pm: too few checklists (1170) to judge11 pm: too few checklists (635) to judge12a3a6a9a12p3p6p9p
Share of checklists started in each local hour that reported it. It reflects when people go birding as well as when birds are active. Grey hours have too few checklists (under 2% of the state’s, or under 200) to judge.
Week-by-week table
MonthDays 1-78-1415-2122-end
January0%0%0%0%
February0%0%0%0%
March0%0%0%0%
April0%0.1%0.4%1.1%
May1.6%2.0%2.4%2.5%
June2.3%2.1%2.6%2.8%
July2.9%3.2%3.5%2.8%
August2.5%2.0%1.3%0.5%
September0.1%0.1%0%0%
October0%0%0%0%
November0%0%0%0%
December0%0%0%0%

Neighboring states

  • Delaware: arrives early May, 1 week later than Maryland
  • Virginia: arrives late April, in the same week than Maryland
  • New Jersey: arrives late April, in the same week than Maryland
  • New York: arrives mid May, 3 weeks later than Maryland

Common questions

When do Least Terns arrive in Maryland?
Least Terns reach Maryland in late April, are common by early May, peak in the second week of July (3.2% of checklists), and most are gone by the second week of August.
When do Least Terns leave Maryland?
Most Least Terns have left Maryland by the second week of August, when reports fall below half their usual rate. Stragglers are still reported until mid August.
When is the best time to see a Least Tern in Maryland?
The Least Tern is reported most often in the second week of July, on about 3.2% of Maryland checklists.
Where in Maryland are Least Terns seen most often?
By county, Worcester County, Queen Anne's County, and Kent County have the highest peak reporting rates for the Least Tern (counties with at least 200 checklists).