WhenToBird

Falco columbarius · Falconidae

When Do Merlins Arrive in Minnesota?

Adult female Merlin
Photo: Cricket Raspet, CC BY 4.0 via iNaturalist

Merlins arrive in Minnesota in late June, peak in mid September (4.7% of checklists), and most are gone by late November.

When to look

First arrivalsJun 22-30late June
Common byJun 22-30late June
PeakSep 15-21mid September
Most gone byNov 22-30late November

Best: mid September. First arrivals late June; most are gone by late November. Peak: on about 4.7% of Minnesota checklists.

  1. Janrare
  2. Febrare
  3. Maruncommon
  4. Aprcommon
  5. Mayuncommon
  6. Jununcommon
  7. Juluncommon
  8. Augcommon
  9. Seppeak season
  10. Octpeak season
  11. Novuncommon
  12. Decuncommon

Darker months: more checklists report it. Outlined: peak month.

0%2%4%6%Jan 1-7: 0.7% of 20628 checklistsJan 8-14: 0.5% of 14594 checklistsJan 15-21: 0.5% of 14238 checklistsJan 22-31: 0.5% of 20725 checklistsFeb 1-7: 0.5% of 14484 checklistsFeb 8-14: 0.4% of 15988 checklistsFeb 15-21: 0.4% of 20718 checklistsFeb 22-28: 0.5% of 15754 checklistsMar 1-7: 0.7% of 16125 checklistsMar 8-14: 1.0% of 19035 checklistsMar 15-21: 1.0% of 19586 checklistsMar 22-31: 1.1% of 30192 checklistsApr 1-7: 1.3% of 24262 checklistsApr 8-14: 2.0% of 30223 checklistsApr 15-21: 1.9% of 29085 checklistsApr 22-30: 1.9% of 43574 checklistsMay 1-7: 1.6% of 39300 checklistsMay 8-14: 1.5% of 45927 checklistsMay 15-21: 1.5% of 36632 checklistsMay 22-31: 1.4% of 43809 checklistsJun 1-7: 0.8% of 23418 checklistsJun 8-14: 0.7% of 20450 checklistsJun 15-21: 0.8% of 19470 checklistsJun 22-30: 1.0% of 23418 checklistsJul 1-7: 1.1% of 19104 checklistsJul 8-14: 1.3% of 16927 checklistsJul 15-21: 1.5% of 15635 checklistsJul 22-31: 1.8% of 22073 checklistsAug 1-7: 2.1% of 16255 checklistsAug 8-14: 2.0% of 16840 checklistsAug 15-21: 2.4% of 17475 checklistsAug 22-31: 3.0% of 26545 checklistsSep 1-7: 3.7% of 20750 checklistsSep 8-14: 4.6% of 18494 checklistsSep 15-21: 5.4% of 18215 checklistsSep 22-30: 4.3% of 24463 checklistsOct 1-7: 3.7% of 18252 checklistsOct 8-14: 3.2% of 19527 checklistsOct 15-21: 2.5% of 17098 checklistsOct 22-31: 2.1% of 24570 checklistsNov 1-7: 1.6% of 16744 checklistsNov 8-14: 1.1% of 13483 checklistsNov 15-21: 1.0% of 12525 checklistsNov 22-30: 0.8% of 17023 checklistsDec 1-7: 1.0% of 11645 checklistsDec 8-14: 0.7% of 11567 checklistsDec 15-21: 0.9% of 13343 checklistsDec 22-31: 0.7% of 19759 checklistsJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Share of complete checklists reporting it, by week (4 per month). Grey bars: fewer than 10 checklists, not counted.

Frequency is the share of complete checklists in Minnesota that listed the bird, 2016–2025. It is not a head count, and it follows where and when people go birding. How to read it.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
today
Second week of November

Each county is shaded by the share of complete checklists there that listed the bird, blended with the weeks either side. Darker is more often. It follows where people watch birds, not how many birds there are. How to read it.

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Where in Minnesota

Best counties

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Marshall CountyBest the second week of August · 63 checklists that week, 3,843 in all18%
  2. St. Louis CountyBest mid September · 2443 checklists that week, 121,793 in all15%
  3. Martin CountyBest the second week of October · 27 checklists that week, 1,016 in all14%
  4. Mahnomen CountyBest late August · 28 checklists that week, 618 in all14%
  5. Clearwater CountyBest the second week of April · 18 checklists that week, 2,315 in all14%
  6. Roseau CountyBest the second week of October · 25 checklists that week, 1,453 in all13%

Best spots

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Minnesota Point (Park Point)St. Louis County, best the second week of April · 23 checklists that week, 336 in all57%
  2. Stony PointSt. Louis County, best late September · 68 checklists that week, 1,825 in all52%
  3. Park PointSt. Louis County, best early May · 100 checklists that week, 2,812 in all45%
  4. Western Waterfront TrailSt. Louis County, best early August · 35 checklists that week, 1,973 in all44%

Busy spots report more of everything; compare the checklist counts before you drive anywhere.

Best time of day

In Minnesota, the Merlin is most often listed on checklists started between 6 and 8 am (2.7% of those checklists).

0%1%2%3%4%12 am: too few checklists (349) to judge1 am: too few checklists (331) to judge2 am: too few checklists (286) to judge3 am: too few checklists (364) to judge4 am: too few checklists (863) to judge5 am: too few checklists (7598) to judge6 am: 3.3% of 35775 checklists7 am: 2.5% of 90565 checklists8 am: 1.8% of 110612 checklists9 am: 1.6% of 106128 checklists10 am: 1.5% of 96131 checklists11 am: 1.3% of 83750 checklists12 pm: 1.3% of 76254 checklists1 pm: 1.2% of 73480 checklists2 pm: 1.4% of 73703 checklists3 pm: 1.3% of 75249 checklists4 pm: 1.5% of 68810 checklists5 pm: 1.8% of 51899 checklists6 pm: 1.9% of 38524 checklists7 pm: 1.5% of 25120 checklists8 pm: too few checklists (10568) to judge9 pm: too few checklists (2420) to judge10 pm: too few checklists (748) to judge11 pm: too few checklists (420) to judge12a3a6a9a12p3p6p9p
Share of checklists started in each local hour that reported it. It reflects when people go birding as well as when birds are active. Grey hours have too few checklists (under 2% of the state’s, or under 200) to judge.
Week-by-week table
MonthDays 1-78-1415-2122-end
January0.7%0.5%0.5%0.5%
February0.5%0.4%0.4%0.5%
March0.7%1.0%1.0%1.1%
April1.3%2.0%1.9%1.9%
May1.6%1.5%1.5%1.4%
June0.8%0.7%0.8%1.0%
July1.1%1.3%1.5%1.8%
August2.1%2.0%2.4%3.0%
September3.7%4.6%5.4%4.3%
October3.7%3.2%2.5%2.1%
November1.6%1.1%1.0%0.8%
December1.0%0.7%0.9%0.7%

Neighboring states

  • Iowa: arrives early September, 9 weeks later than Minnesota
  • Wisconsin: arrives late June, in the same week than Minnesota
  • South Dakota: arrives early September, 9 weeks later than Minnesota
  • North Dakota: arrives late June, in the same week than Minnesota

Common questions

When do Merlins arrive in Minnesota?
Merlins arrive in Minnesota in late June, peak in mid September (4.7% of checklists), and most are gone by late November.
When do Merlins leave Minnesota?
Most Merlins have left Minnesota by late November, when reports fall below half their usual rate.
When is the best time to see a Merlin in Minnesota?
The Merlin is reported most often in mid September, on about 4.7% of Minnesota checklists.
Where in Minnesota are Merlins seen most often?
By county, Marshall County, St. Louis County, and Martin County have the highest peak reporting rates for the Merlin (counties with at least 200 checklists).