WhenToBird

Progne subis · Hirundinidae

When Do Purple Martins Arrive in Missouri?

Adult female Purple Martin
Photo: Ron Bondy, CC BY-SA 4.0 via iNaturalist

Purple Martins reach Missouri in the second week of March, are common by late March, peak in the second week of July (14% of checklists), and most are gone by the second week of August.

When to look

First arrivalsMar 8-14the second week of March
Common byMar 22-31late March
PeakJul 8-14the second week of July
Most gone byAug 8-14the second week of August

Best: the second week of July. First arrivals the second week of March; most are gone by the second week of August. Peak: on about 14% of Missouri checklists.

  1. Jannot usually seen
  2. Febnot usually seen
  3. Maruncommon
  4. Aprcommon
  5. Maycommon
  6. Junpeak season
  7. Julpeak season
  8. Augcommon
  9. Seprare
  10. Octnot usually seen
  11. Novnot usually seen
  12. Decnot usually seen

Darker months: more checklists report it. Outlined: peak month.

0%5%10%15%Jan 1-7: 0% of 12628 checklistsJan 8-14: 0% of 9076 checklistsJan 15-21: 0% of 8790 checklistsJan 22-31: 0% of 11986 checklistsFeb 1-7: 0% of 8987 checklistsFeb 8-14: 0% of 10394 checklistsFeb 15-21: 0% of 15472 checklistsFeb 22-28: 0.1% of 9917 checklistsMar 1-7: 0.3% of 9877 checklistsMar 8-14: 1.3% of 9570 checklistsMar 15-21: 2.3% of 10274 checklistsMar 22-31: 5.5% of 16156 checklistsApr 1-7: 6.8% of 12774 checklistsApr 8-14: 7.2% of 14048 checklistsApr 15-21: 8.1% of 14894 checklistsApr 22-30: 8.2% of 23288 checklistsMay 1-7: 7.6% of 22645 checklistsMay 8-14: 8.1% of 21384 checklistsMay 15-21: 8.9% of 13989 checklistsMay 22-31: 9.3% of 15784 checklistsJun 1-7: 9.2% of 9691 checklistsJun 8-14: 9.0% of 9036 checklistsJun 15-21: 9.5% of 7907 checklistsJun 22-30: 11% of 9831 checklistsJul 1-7: 14% of 8008 checklistsJul 8-14: 15% of 7202 checklistsJul 15-21: 15% of 7151 checklistsJul 22-31: 12% of 9833 checklistsAug 1-7: 9.9% of 7639 checklistsAug 8-14: 7.6% of 7507 checklistsAug 15-21: 4.7% of 7429 checklistsAug 22-31: 2.3% of 11182 checklistsSep 1-7: 1.0% of 9471 checklistsSep 8-14: 0.5% of 8501 checklistsSep 15-21: 0.1% of 8169 checklistsSep 22-30: 0.1% of 11572 checklistsOct 1-7: 0.1% of 9028 checklistsOct 8-14: 0.1% of 9413 checklistsOct 15-21: 0% of 8656 checklistsOct 22-31: 0% of 11625 checklistsNov 1-7: 0% of 8627 checklistsNov 8-14: 0% of 8284 checklistsNov 15-21: 0% of 8075 checklistsNov 22-30: 0% of 10430 checklistsDec 1-7: 0% of 7870 checklistsDec 8-14: 0% of 7567 checklistsDec 15-21: 0% of 9696 checklistsDec 22-31: 0% of 13142 checklistsJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Share of complete checklists reporting it, by week (4 per month). Grey bars: fewer than 10 checklists, not counted.

Frequency is the share of complete checklists in Missouri that listed the bird, 2016–2025. It is not a head count, and it follows where and when people go birding. How to read it.

JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
today
Second week of November

Each county is shaded by the share of complete checklists there that listed the bird, blended with the weeks either side. Darker is more often. It follows where people watch birds, not how many birds there are. How to read it.

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Where in Missouri

Best counties

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Daviess CountyBest mid June · 26 checklists that week, 1,354 in all84%
  2. Dunklin CountyBest mid June · 50 checklists that week, 4,078 in all62%
  3. Howell CountyBest late July · 44 checklists that week, 2,245 in all56%
  4. Miller CountyBest late April · 56 checklists that week, 1,190 in all47%
  5. Oregon CountyBest late March · 49 checklists that week, 1,145 in all43%
  6. Gasconade CountyBest mid April · 11 checklists that week, 478 in all42%

Best spots

Share of checklists at the peak
  1. Lake Springfield ParkGreene County, best late June · 22 checklists that week, 2,219 in all94%
  2. Northeast Regional OfficeAdair County, best the second week of May · 22 checklists that week, 243 in all86%
  3. Mdc Nature Center/ North CountyCape Girardeau County, best mid May · 34 checklists that week, 1,627 in all82%
  4. Saline Valley Conservation AreaMiller County, best early May · 20 checklists that week, 357 in all75%
  5. Gregory O. Grounds Park and Remembrance LakeJackson County, best late April · 23 checklists that week, 631 in all72%

Busy spots report more of everything; compare the checklist counts before you drive anywhere.

Best time of day

In Missouri, the Purple Martin is most often listed on checklists started between 6 and 8 am (5.7% of those checklists).

0%2%4%6%8%12 am: too few checklists (205) to judge1 am: too few checklists (179) to judge2 am: too few checklists (204) to judge3 am: too few checklists (216) to judge4 am: too few checklists (630) to judge5 am: too few checklists (5072) to judge6 am: 7.8% of 27231 checklists7 am: 4.8% of 64162 checklists8 am: 4.4% of 67854 checklists9 am: 4.2% of 56515 checklists10 am: 3.8% of 47496 checklists11 am: 3.5% of 38845 checklists12 pm: 3.3% of 33383 checklists1 pm: 3.2% of 32503 checklists2 pm: 2.9% of 32615 checklists3 pm: 3.1% of 32514 checklists4 pm: 3.7% of 30274 checklists5 pm: 4.8% of 23446 checklists6 pm: 6.6% of 16374 checklists7 pm: too few checklists (10236) to judge8 pm: too few checklists (3133) to judge9 pm: too few checklists (722) to judge10 pm: too few checklists (405) to judge11 pm: too few checklists (261) to judge12a3a6a9a12p3p6p9p
Share of checklists started in each local hour that reported it. It reflects when people go birding as well as when birds are active. Grey hours have too few checklists (under 2% of the state’s, or under 200) to judge.
Week-by-week table
MonthDays 1-78-1415-2122-end
January0%0%0%0%
February0%0%0%0.1%
March0.3%1.3%2.3%5.5%
April6.8%7.2%8.1%8.2%
May7.6%8.1%8.9%9.3%
June9.2%9.0%9.5%11%
July14%15%15%12%
August9.9%7.6%4.7%2.3%
September1.0%0.5%0.1%0.1%
October0.1%0.1%0%0%
November0%0%0%0%
December0%0%0%0%

Neighboring states

  • Arkansas: arrives early March, 1 week earlier than Missouri
  • Iowa: arrives early April, 3 weeks later than Missouri
  • Kansas: arrives mid March, 1 week later than Missouri
  • Illinois: arrives early April, 3 weeks later than Missouri

Common questions

When do Purple Martins arrive in Missouri?
Purple Martins reach Missouri in the second week of March, are common by late March, peak in the second week of July (14% of checklists), and most are gone by the second week of August.
When do Purple Martins leave Missouri?
Most Purple Martins have left Missouri by the second week of August, when reports fall below half their usual rate. Stragglers are still reported until early September.
When is the best time to see a Purple Martin in Missouri?
The Purple Martin is reported most often in the second week of July, on about 14% of Missouri checklists.
Where in Missouri are Purple Martins seen most often?
By county, Daviess County, Dunklin County, and Howell County have the highest peak reporting rates for the Purple Martin (counties with at least 200 checklists).